A roof leak can show up far from where the roof is actually failing. Water follows framing, insulation, and gravity—so the stain on your ceiling is often just the exit point.
Use this step-by-step checklist to narrow down likely causes safely and decide when to bring in a professional.
Safety first
- Avoid walking on the roof in wet or windy conditions.
- Use a headlamp and watch for nails or low-clearance hazards in the attic.
- If the ceiling is bulging with water, relieve pressure carefully and protect floors.
Step 1: Document what you’re seeing
- Where is the stain or drip?
- When does it happen (only heavy rain, wind-driven rain, or anytime)?
- Is there a nearby chimney, skylight, vent, or valley above that area?
Step 2: Check the attic (if accessible)
Look for:
- Wet insulation or dark wood staining.
- Water trails along rafters or sheathing.
- Light coming through at penetrations or roof edges.
Step 3: Focus on the most common leak points
- Flashing: chimneys, wall intersections, skylights.
- Penetrations: plumbing vents, exhaust vents, solar mounts.
- Valleys: where roof planes meet.
- Roof edges: drip edge and gutter interfaces.
Step 4: Use a controlled water test (only if safe)
If you can do it safely, one person can run a hose while another watches from inside. Start low and move upward slowly. Stop once you reproduce the leak.
Temporary protection steps
- Catch water with a bucket and protect flooring.
- If safe and accessible, a properly secured tarp can reduce damage until repairs are made.
When to call a pro
If you can’t reproduce the leak, if it involves complex details, or if you suspect hidden damage, it’s time for a roof-level inspection. Visit roof repair, emergency service, or contact us.